Filter-press



Patented Oct. ll, I898. E. E. HENDRIGK.

FILTER PRESS.

(Application filed. Aug. 81, 1895.)

2 sh ts-sheet I.

(No Model.)

we. uonms PEYERS ca. worn-urns" WASHINGTON. a. c.

N0. 6|2,l05. Patented Oct. ll, I898. E. E. HENDBICK.

FILTER PRESS. (Application filed Aug. 31, 1895.) Mg Model.) 2Sheeis8heet 2..

wroWo NITED, STATES ELI E. I-IENDRIOK, OF OARBOh TDALE, PENNSYLVANIAFILTER-PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 612,105, dated October11, 1898.

I Application filed August 31, 1895. Serial No. 561,067. (No model.)

To all whom it 71mg concern:

Be it known that I, ELI E. HENDRIOK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Carbondale, in the county of Lackawanna and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inFilter- Presses, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to filter-presses adapted for use in thepreparation of liquids and the separation of elements therefrom.

Although capable of other uses, I contemplate employing the invention inconnection with apparatus for filtering oil, by means of which theliquid is purified and paraflln obtained.

In filter-presses heretofore in use the liquid has been forced throughfiltering media consisting of a series of disks, some of perforatedmetal, preferably steel, and some'of canvas or other fabric. It has beenthe practice to employ an imperforate disk having hearings to permit itand its attached parts to be mounted in the press, and to secure uponeach side of such imperforate disk perforated sheet-metal disks, theouter faces of which have been provided with annular rims or extensionsconsisting of several. thicknesses of fabric placed in each case at ornear the periphery of the plate and pads of the same material securedupon such faces at points intermediate of the center and periphery. Thesheets or disks of canvas or cotton-ducln-comlnonly termed blankets,have been placed adjacent to such perforated disks and maintained in theproper relation thereto by rea son of the flexible rims and pads. It hasbeen the practice to use blankets greater in diameter than theperforated disks and to secure two adjacent blankets together bystitching or other fastening at theirperipheries. In this type offilter-presses it has been the practice to secure a large number ofthese disks of perforate and imperforate metal and fabric together andto force the liquid through a central perforation therein, whereby theoil has been purified and the paraffin has been deposited both in thesmaller perforations and upon the canvas disks and removed therefrom insuitable manner.

In apparatus of the kind mentioned it is an important desideratum thatthe plates of which the press "is composed should be of the greatestcapacity, as light as possible consistently with strength, andinexpensive of manufacture.

One part of the present invention is directed to the construction of theperforated metal plates and the provision of means thereon formaintaining the parts in their proper relation. In carrying out thisfeature I employ an integral plate or disk of perforated sheet metal,and instead of building up thereon an outwardly-projecting rim ofseveral thicknesses of fabric I provide the same with an annular flangeadjacent to the periphery of the plate, the perforations in the platebeing preferably carried out to the extreme periphery, whereby the wholeof the plate is operative for the filtering operation and none of theperforations are covered. Intermediate of the center and periphery ofeach plate I provide outwardly-extending spurs. These are also formed inthe perforated portion of the plate, and may be drawn or stamped, orthey may consist of cup-shaped disks, preferably of perforate metal,secured upon the plate by suitable means. These spurs projct outwardlyfrom the surface of the plate to about the same extent as does theannular flange, and by this means the disk of fabric adapted to beplaced adjacent to each plate is maintained at a proper distancetherefrom to facilitate the filtering operation.

Another part of the invention concerns means for separating andmaintaining in such separated position two of the perforate metallicdisks. For this purpose I- employ a disk of perforated metal, preferablysheeta steel, provided with corrugations. This is of about the same sizeas the plane perforated disks, and one of the disks last named is sethespur upon the plane perforate plate on the other side of such corrugatedplate. If desired, in order to secure the blanket in position the boltmay be passed through the blanket upon each side of a series ofelements. The head and nut of each bolt are preferably their collapsewhen the press is being used under greater than normal pressure, thisobject may be attained by the use, in connection with each plate, of anannulus 12 one side of which is preferably flat, while the remainingfaces conform to the internal shape received in countersunk portions ofthe spurs in order that they shall not project out of the level of eachseries of elements.

In the event that increased strength is desired I may provide a solidannulus conforming to the internal contour of the annular flange uponeach perforated disk, this annulus being placed under such flange toresist the collapse of the same under abnormal pressure. This annuluswill preferably be made of wood, which is both light and inexpensive.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which--Figure 1 is a side view of one of the press elements, the fabric disk orblanket being partly broken away. Fig. 2 is a central section on theline 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side View of the corrugated perforatedplate forming part of each element. Fig. at is a side view, and Fig. 5 asection on the line 5 5 thereof, both illustrating means for securingthe plates together and the annulus for strengthening the flanges of theperforate members. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view illustrating themeans for securing all the elements together. -Fig. 7 is an enlargeddetail View illustrating a preferred method of securing the fabric disksor blankets together at the central opening in the press element.

The press consists of a number of members secured together in a mannerwell known, and therefore not illustrated as a whole, and as each memberconsists of the same elements but a single member has been shown in thedrawings and will be described in detail.

Referring to the drawings, in which similar letters of reference definecorresponding parts, A designates the central corrugated perforateplate, provided with a central opening a for the passage of the liquid.This plate A, as well as the other members of each element hereinafterto be described, are preferably made in the form of disks to facilitatetheir mounting. It is not essential, however, that they be made in thisform, as the same end may be attained by the use of plates of square,oblong, or other forms.

B designates plates or disks of perforated metal, preferablysheet-steel. Each plate is provided with a central opening I),coincident in size with the opening a in the corrugated plate A. Eachplate B is provided with an outwardly-projecting annular flange b,preferably located. adjacent to the periphery of the plate and formed inthe perforated surface thereof. This flange is preferably constructedwith a flat bearing-surface b the purpose of which will be hereinafterdescribed. If it is desired to strengthen the flanges b to prevent oftheannular flanges Z).

Each plate B is provided at a point intermediate of its center andperiphery with aspuror outwardly-extending projection C, the purpose ofwhich, being the same as that of the flattened exterior flanges b. willbe hereinafter referred to. These spurs may be formed during theconstruction of the plates by stamping or drawing portions thereofoutwardly and to about the same distance from the face of the plate B asthe flanges 11'. They are also formed in the perforate portion of eachplate. It is not essential, however, that these spurs be integral withthe perforate plate B, as I may, if desired, form them separatetherefrom, but also of perforate sheet-steel, so as to increase thecapacity of the plate. If formed separable, as aforesaid, they may bemounted upon the plates B at suitable points and secured thereto bymeans of rivets or screws, or, if desired, each separable spur may beprovided with a central perforation and countersunk bearing surface, asat .c, for the head and nut of a bolt upon the opposite face of theadjacent plate B, where'it may be secured by means of the nut'c Ddesignates a disk of fabric centrally perforated, as shown. This ispreferably of canvas or cotton-duck and is designed to act as a strainerfor the liquid passing through the press. Heretofore these disks offabric have been made of greater size than the adjacent metallic disksand secured together by stitching at or near their peripheries. In thepresent invention I contemplate securing them by means of the bolts a,passing through the spurs upon the perforate plates B. Should, however,the spurs employed be formed integral with the plates B, the fabricdisks may be secured by rivets tothe flattened portions of the flanges1). Again, I may, if desired, form sharp teeth struck up from theflanges of the perforate plates B for the purpose of retaining thefabric disks in position when the elements are combined in the press andfacilitating their removal therefrom when it is desired to obtain theparaffin or other material filtered from liquid passing through theapparatus.

The blankets covering each of the press elements or members arepreferably stitched or otherwise secured together at or adjacent to thecentral perforation or opening,as shown in detail in Fig. 7.

A An important advantage obtained by the A further advantage is that thefiltering process is greatly facilitated by reason of the corrugatedperforate plate intermediate of the plane perforate plates. Again, theplates are precluded from being forced so close together as to preventthe passage of the material therethrough. n

A further advantage and one of great importance in this type ofapparatus is that the elements as awhole are both light and cheap ofmanufacture. The plates are given their peculiar curvatures by means ofwell-known apparatus. Both the central plate A and the adjacent plates Bare perforated before being given the curvatures heretofore described.The plate A may then be corrugated in any suitable mannersuch, forinstance, as by stamping or by passing the same throughcorrugating-rollers. The plates B are given their curvatures,preferably, by stamping, and where separable spurs are used these arealso stamped from perforated sheet metal.

The construction as a whole is simple and compact and in addition isvery durable in operation.

It is not essential that the corrugations of the plate A be of the exactform illustrated in the drawings, as such-form may be varied, ifdesired, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

WVhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A filter-press of the character described, having in combinationthree plates with coincident central openings in close proximity, eachhaving substantially a uniform thickness throughout, the middle platebeing a sheet of corrugated metal, and the outer plates being perforateand each having an outwardly-projecting annular flange near itsperiphery and blankets covering said plates,sub stantially as set forthand described.

2. A filter-press of the character described, having in combinationthree plates with coincident central openings in close proximity, eachhaving substantially a uniform thickness throughout, the middle platebeing a sheet of corrugated metal, and the outer plates being perforateand each having an outwardly-projecting annular flange near itsperiphery, and outwardly-extendin g projections intermediate ofthecenter and periphery of said plate and blankets covering saidperforate plates, substantially as set forth.

3. A filter-press of the character described, having in combinationthree plates with coincident central openings in close proximity,

each having substantially a uniform thickness throughout, the middleplate being a sheet of corrugated metal,and the outer plates beingperforate and'having outwardly-projecting annular flanges near theirperipheries, blankets covering said plates,and means for attaching saidplates and said blankets to each other, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a filter -press of the character described, the combination of aplate of corrugated metal, perforate plates each of a substantiallyuniform thickness and having outwardly-projectin g annular flanges neartheir peripheries, said plates being held together on each side of saidcorrugated plate, and a blanket over the outer face of each of said 3perforate plates, whereby the liquid when forced under pressure througha central opening in the plates and blankets filters through the latterand said perforate plates, and escapes at the periphery of the saidcorrugated plate, substantially as set forth.

, 5. In a filter-press of the character described, the combination oftwo perforate plates, each having an ann ular flange stamped therein,with a passage between said plates, said plates having coincidentcentral openings, and a blanket held against the outer face of each ofsaid plates and cooperating therewith, whereby the liquid upon beingintroduced into said central openings under pressure, will pass throughsaid blankets and perforations, and will escape to the peripheries ofsaid plates through the passage between the plates, substantially as setforth.

6. In a filterpress of the character described, the combination of twoperforate plates, each having an annular flange stamped therein andprojections intermediate of said flange and the center of the plate,witha passage between said plates, said plates having coincident centralopenings, and a blanket held against the outer face of each of saidplates and cooperating therewith, whereby the liquid upon beingintroduced into said central openings under pressure will pass throughsaid blankets and perforations and will escape to the periphery of saidplates through the passage between the plates, substantially as setforth.

7. A filter-press comprising a plate of perforate metal having metallichollow cupshaped spurs, said spurs also being perforated substantiallyas set forth.

8. A filter-press element comprising a central corrugated perforateplate having a central opening, a perforate plate on each side of saidcorrugated plate and each provided with a central opening, with anintegral annular flange and with integral perforated projectionsintermediate of said flange and the central opening, and blanketsresting upon said perforate plates and supported by the projections andthe flange of each plate, substantially as set forth.

9. In a filter-press, the combination with a corrugated plate, of aperforate plate upon This specification signed and witnessed this eitherside thereof, said perforate plates hav- 22d day of August, 1895. ingoutward projections for supporting sheets or disks of textile fabric,and outwardly-ex ELI HENDRICK' 5 tending teetl 'upon said outwardprojections Witnesses: 1

for attaching said sheets or disks to said per- S. O. EDMoNDs,

forate plates, substantially as set forth. JOHN R. TAYLOR.

